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Official Name: People's Democratic Republic of Algeria
Al-Jumhuriyah al-Jaza'iriyah ad-Dimugratiyah ash-Sha'biyahCapital: Algiers (Alger)
Anthem: Kassaman (We Pledge)
Demonym: Algerian
Currency: Algerian Dinar
Location: Northern coast of Africa
Total Land Area: 2,381,741 sq. km
Population: 33,2 millions (January 2006)
Ethnic Groups: 99% Arab-Berber, less than 1% European
Languages: Arabic (official), French, Berber dialects
Religions: 99% Sunni Muslim (state religion), 1% Christian and Jewish
Government Type: RepublicIndependence: 5 July 1962 (from France)
Natural Resources: Crude oil, natural gas, iron ore, phosphates, uranium, lead, zinc, gold
Major Industries: Petroleum, light industries, natural gas, mining
Exports: Petroleum, natural gas, and petroleum products 97%
Imports: Capital goods, foodstuffs, consumer goods
Official Name: State of Bahrain, Duwlat al-Bahrayn
Capital: Al-Manamah
Anthem: Bahrainona (Our Bahrain)
Demonym: Bahraini
Currency: Bahrain Dinar
Location: Group of 35 islands situated in Western part of Arabian (Persian) Gulf
Total Land Area: 691 sq. km
Population: 698,585 (2005)
Ethnic Groups: 63% Bahraini, 19% Asian, 10% other Arab, 8% Iranian
Languages: Arabic, English, Farsi, Urdu
Religions: 70% Shi'a Muslim, 30% Sunni Muslim
Government Type: Constitutional hereditary monarchy
Independence: 15 August, 1971 (from UK)
Natural Resources: Oil, associated and non-associated natural gas, fish, pearls
Major Industries: Petroleum processing and refining, aluminum smelting and fabrication
Exports: Petroleum and petroleum products, aluminum, textiles
Imports: Crude oil, machinery, chemicals
Official Name: Federal Islamic Republic of Comoros, Jumhuriyat al-Qumur al-Itihadiyah al-Islamiyah
Capital: Moroni
Anthem: Udzima wa ya Masiwa (Comorian), "The Union of the Great Islands"
Demonym: Comorian
Currency: Comorian Franc
Location: Southern Africa, group of islands at the northern mouth of the Mozambique Channel, between Madagascar and northern Mozambique.
Total Land Area: 2,235 sq. km
Population: 798,000 (2005)
Ethnic Groups: Antalote, Cafre, Makoa, Oimatsaha, Sakalava
Languages: Arabic (official), French (official), Shikomoro (blend of Swahili and Arabic)
Religions: Sunni Muslim 98%, Roman Catholic 2%
Government Type: Republic
Independence: 6 July 1975
Natural Resources: Vanilla, cloves, perfume essences, coconuts, bananas, copra, tapioca.
Major Industries: Tourism, perfume distillation.
Exports: Vanilla, ylang-ylang, cloves, perfume oil, copra.
Imports: Rice and other foods, consumer goods, petroleum products, cement, transport equipment.
Official Name: Republic of Djibouti, Republique de Djibouti
Capital: Djibouti
Anthem: Djibouti
Demonym: Djiboutian
Currency: Djibouti Franc
Location: Eastern Africa, bordering the Gulf of Aden and the Red Sea, between Eritrea and Somalia.
Total Land Area: 23,200 sq km
Population: 793,000 (2005)
Ethnic Groups: Somali 60%, Afar 35%, French, Arab, Ethiopian and Italian 5%
Languages: French (official), Arabic (official), Somali, Afar
Religions: Muslim 94%, Christian 6%
Government Type: Republic
Independence: 27 June 1977
Natural Resources: Geothermal area
Major Industries: Construction, agriculture, salt
Exports: Hides and skins, coffee
Imports: Foods, beverages, transport equipment, chemicals, petroleum products
Official Name: Arab Republic of Egypt, Jumhuriat Misr Al Arabiyah
Capital: Cairo
Anthem: Bilady, Bilady, Bilady
Demonym: Egyptian
Currency: Egyptian Pound
Location: Northern Africa, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, between Libya and Gaza strip, the red Sea and north of Sudan.
Total Land Area: 1, 001,449 sq. km
Population: 77,505,756 (2005)
Ethnic Groups: Egyptians, Bedouins and Berbers 99%, Greek, Nubian, Armenian and other European (Italian and French) 1%
Languages: Arabic (official), English and French widely understood by educated classes.
Religions: Muslim (Sunni mostly) 94%, Coptic Christian and other 6%
Government Type: Republic
Independence: 28 February 1922
Natural Resources: Crude oil, natural gas, coal, iron ore, phosphates, manganese
Major Industries: Textiles, food processing, tourism
Exports: Crude oil, petroleum products, cotton, textiles, metal products, chemicals
Imports: Machinery, foods, chemical, wood products, fuel
Official Name: Palestinian Authority
Demonym: Palestinian
Location: Located on the Western edge of Asia and the Eastern extremity of the Mediterranean Sea. It is bounded by Lebanon, Syria, the Gulf of Aqaba, Sinai Peninsula and Jordan
Total Land Area: 10,162 Km2
Population: Estimated to 4,892,000, some are living in the occupied territories, and others are living either in Gaza Strip, the West Bank, Jordan, Iraq, Gulf States, Europe or Latin America
Official Name: Republic of Iraq, Al-Jumhuriyah al Iraqiyah
Capital: Baghdad
Anthem: Mawtini
Demonym: IraqiCurrency: Iraqi Dinar
Location: Bordering Arabian/Persian Gulf between Iran, Kuwait, Turkey, Syria and Jordan
Total Land Area: 438,317 sq. km
Population: 26,783,383 (2006)
Ethnic Groups: Arab 80%, Kurdish 20%, Turcoman, Assyrian and other 5%
Languages: Arabic, Kurdish, Assyrian, Armenian, English is widely understood among upper and middle classes
Religions: Muslim 97% (Shi'a 65%, Sunni 37%), Christian and other 3%
Government Type: Currently and Interim Government (appointed on 1 June 2004 after the collapse of the previous Republic under Saddam Hussein's command)
Independence: 3 October 1932 from the United Kingdom
Natural Resources: Crude oil, natural gas, phosphates, sulpher
Major Industries: Petroleum, textile, shoes
Exports: Crude oil, crude materials, food and live animals
Imports: Food, medicine
Official Name: The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, Al-Mamlaka al-Urdunniyya al-Hashimiyya
Capital: Amman
Anthem: As-Salam al-Malaki al-Urdoni
Demonym: Jordanian
Currency: Jordanian Dinar
Location: Northwest of Saudi Arabia between Israel, Syria, Iraq
Total Land Area: 89,342 sq. km.
Population: 5,924,000 (2007)
Ethnic Groups: Arab 98%, Circassian 1%, Armenian 1%
Languages: Arabic (official), English widely understood among upper and middle classes
Religions: Summin Muslim 92%, Christian 1%, other 2% (Shi'a Muslims and Druze)
Government Type: Constitutional monarchy
Independence: 25 May 1946 from United Kingdom
Natural Resources: Phosphates, potash, shale oil
Major Industries: Phosphates, mining, petroleum refining, cement
Exports: Clothing, phosphates, fertilizers, potash, vegetables, pharmaceuticals
Imports: Crude oil, textile, fabrics, machinery, transport equipment
Official Name: State of Kuwait, Dawlat al-Kuwayt
Capital: Kuwait
Anthem: Al-Nasheed al-Watani
Demonym: Kuwaiti
Currency: Kuwaiti Dinar
Location: Bordering the Arabian/Persian Gulf, between Iraq and Saudi Arabia
Total Land Area: 17,818 sq km.
Population: 3,100,000 (2006)
Ethnic Groups: Kuwaiti 45%, other Arab 35%, South Asian 9%, Iranian 4%, other 7%
Languages: Arabic (official), English widely spoken
Religions: Muslim 85% (Sunni 70%, Shi'a 30%), Chrisitan, Hindu and other 15%
Government Type: Constitutional hereditary emirate
Independence: 19 June 1961 from the United Kingdom
Natural Resources: Petroleum, fish, shrimp, natural gas
Major Industries: Petroleum, petrochemical, desalinization
Exports: Oil and refined products, fertilizers
Imports: Food, construction material, vehicles and parts, clothing
Official Name: Republic of Lebanon, Al-Jumhuriyah al-Lubnaniyah
Capital: Beirut
Anthem: Kulluna lil watan lil 'ula lil 'alam
Demonym: Lebanese
Currency: Lebanese pound, Livre Libanaise
Location: Bordering the Mediterranean Sea, between Israel and Syria
Total Land Area: 10,452 sq. km
Population: 3,925,502 (2007)
Ethnic Groups: Arab 95%, Armenian 4%, other 1%
Languages: Arabic (official), French, English, Armenian
Religions: Muslim 59.7% ( Sunni, Shia, and Druze) and 39% are Christians (mostly Maronites, Greek Orthodox, Armenian Apostolic, Melkite Greek Catholics, Assyrian Church of the East, Chaldean Catholic), other 1%
Government Type: Republic
Independence: November 22, 1943
Natural Resources: Limestone, iron ore, salt, water surplus state in a water-deficit region
Major Industries: Banking, food processing, textiles
Exports: Authentic jewelry, inorganic chemicals, fruit, tobacco, construction minerals and textile fibers
Imports: Petroleum products, cars, medicinal products, clothing, meat and live animals
Official Name: Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, Al Jamahiriyah al Arabiyah al Libiyah ash-sha'biyah al Ishtirakiyah al Uzma
Capital: Tripoli
Anthem: Allahu Akbar, God is the Greatest
Demonym: Libyan
Currency: Libyan Dinar
Location: Northern Africa Bordering the Mediterranean sea between Egypt and Tunisia
Total Land Area: 1,759,540 km²
Population: 5,670,688 (2006)
Ethnic Groups: Berber and Arab 97%, Greeks, Maltese, Italians, Egyptians, Pakistanis, Turks, Indians, Tunisians
Languages: Arabic, Italian, English are widely understood in the major cities
Religions: Sunni Muslim 97%
Government Type: A state of the masses (Jamahiriya), governed by the populace through local councils.
Independence: 24 December 1951 from Italy
Natural Resources: Crude oil, natural gas, gypsum
Major Industries: Petroleum, food processing, textiles
Exports: Crude oil, refined petroleum products, natural gas
Official Name:
Mauritanian Islamic Republic
Al Jumhuriyah al Islamiyah al MuritaniyahCapital:
NouakchottAnthem:
MauritaniaDemonym:
MauritanianCurrency:
OuguiyaLocation:
Northern Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Senegal and Western SaharaTotal Land Area:
1,030,700 km²Population:
3,069,000 (2005)Ethnic Groups:
Mixed Maur/black 40%, Moor 30%, black 30%Languages:
Arabic, Pulaar, Soninke, French, Hassaniya, WolofReligions:
Muslim 100%Government Type:
Parliamentary republicIndependence:
November 28, 1960 from FranceNatural Resources:
Iron Ore, gypsum, fish, copper, phosphateMajor Industries:
Fishing, fish processing, mining or iron ore and gypsumExports:
Iron ore, fish and fish products, goldImports:
Machinery and equipment, petroleum products, capital goods, foodstuff
Official Name: Kingdom of Morocco, Al Mamlakah al Maghribiyah
Capital: Rabat
Anthem: Allah, al Watan, al Malik (God, Nation, King)
Demonym: Moroccan
Currency: The Dirham
Location: Northern Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea, between Algeria and Western Sahara
Total Land Area: 446,550 km²
Population: 33,241,259 (2005)
Ethnic Groups: Arab-Berber 99.1%, Other 0.7%, Jewish 0.2%
Languages: Arabic, Berber dialects, French
Religions: Muslim 98.7%, Christian 1.1%, Jewish 0.2%
Government Type: Constitutional monarchy
Independence: March 2, 1956 from France
Natural Resources: Phosphates, iron ore, manganese, lead, zinc, fish, salt
Major Industries: Phosphate rock mining and processing, food processing, leather goods
Exports: Clothing, fish, inorganic chemicals, transistors, crude minerals, fertilizers, petroleum products, fruits, vegetables
Imports: Crude petroleum, textile fabrics, telecommunications equipment, wheat, gas, plastics
Official Name: Sultanate of Oman, Saltanat Uman
Capital: Muscat
Anthem: Nasheed as-Salaam as-Sultani
Demonym: Omani
Currency: Omani Riyal
Location: Arabian Peninsula, bordering the Arabian Sea, Gulf of Oman and the Arabian/Persian Gulf between Yemen and UAE
Total Land Area: 309,500 km²
Population: 3,204,800 (2005)
Ethnic Groups: Arab, Balochi, South Asian (Indian, Pakistani, Sri Lankan), African
Languages: Arabic, English, Balochi, Urdu, Indian
Religions: Ibadhi Muslim 75%, Sunni Muslim, Shi'a Muslim, Hindu
Government Type: Monarchy
Independence: 1651 from Portugal
Natural Resources: Crude oil, copper, asbestos, some marble, limestone
Major Industries: Crude oil refining and production, natural gas production, construction
Exports: Petroleum, fish, metals, textiles
Imports: Machinery, transport equipment, manufactured goods, food, livestock, lubricants
Official Name: Dawlat Qatar, (State of Qatar)
Capital: Doha
Anthem: As Salam al Amiri
Demonym: Qatari
Currency: The Qatari Riyal
Location: Located in the Arab Peninsula bordering the Arabic/Persian Gulf and Saudi Arabia
Total Land Area: 11,437 km²
Population: 841,000 (2007)
Ethnic Groups: Arab 40%, Pakistani 18%, Indian 18%, Iranian 10%, other 14%
Languages: Arabic, and English is commonly used as a second language
Religions: Muslim 95%
Government Type: Constitutional Monarchy
Independence: September 3, 1971 from the United Kingdom
Natural Resources: Crude oil, natural gas, fish
Major Industries: Crude oil production and refining, fertilizers, petrochemicals
Exports: Liquefied natural gas, petroleum products, fertilizers, steel
Imports: Machinery and transport equipment, food, chemicals
Official Name: Al-Mamlaka al-Arabiyya As-Sa'udiyya
(Kingdom of Saudi Arabia)Capital: Riyadh
Anthem: Aash al Malik (Long Live the King)
Demonym: Saudi
Currency: The Saudi Riyal
Location: Located in the Arabian Peninsula bordering the Persian Gulf and the Red Sea and North Yemen
Total Land Area: 2,149,690 km²
Population: 24,735,000 (2007)
Ethnic Groups: Arab 90%, Afro-Asian 10%
Languages: Arabic
Religions: Muslim 100%
Government Type: Absolute Monarchy
Independence: September 23 1932 (from the United Kingdom)
Natural Resources: Crude oil, natural gas, iron ore, gold, copper
Major Industries: Crude oil production, petroleum refining, basic petrochemicals
Exports: Petroleum and petroleum products 90%
Imports: Machinery and equipment, food, chemical, motor vehicles, textiles
Official Name: Jumhuriat al-Somal al-Dimocrattia, Somali Democratic Republic
Capital: Mogadishu
Anthem: Somalia Hanolato, Long Live Somalia
Demonym: Somali
Currency: Somali shilling
Location: Eastern Africa, bordering the Gulf of Aden and the Indian Ocean, east of Ethiopia
Total Land Area: 637,661 km²
Population: 10,700,000 (2003)
Ethnic Groups: Somali 85%, bantuand other non-Somali
Languages: Somali, Arabic, Italian, English
Religions: Sunni Muslim
Government Type: Transitional Federal
Independence: July 1, 1960 (from the United Kingdom and Italy)
Natural Resources: Uranium, largely unexploited reserves of iron ore, gypsum, bauxite
Major Industries: Small industries, sugar refining, textiles, petroleum refining
Exports: Livestock, bananas, fish, charcoal, scrap metal
Imports: Manufactures, petroleum products, food construction materials
Official Name: Jumhuriyat as-Sudan, Republic of Sudan
Capital: Khartoum
Anthem: Nahnu Jund Allah Jund Al-Watan, We are the Army of God and of Our Land
Demonym: Sudanese
Currency: Sudanese Pound
Location: Northern Africa, bordering the Red Sea, between Egypt and Eritrea
Total Land Area: 2,505,813 km²
Population: 36,992,490 (2006)
Ethnic Groups: Black 52%, Arab 39%, Beja 6%, foreigners 2%, other 1%
Languages: Arabic, Nubian, Ta Bedawie, diverse dialects of Nilotic, Nilo-Hamitic, Sudanic Languages, English
Religions: Sunni Muslim 70%, indigenous beliefs 25%, Christian 5%, (mostly in the South)
Government Type: The New Sudanese National Unity Government
Independence: January 1, 1956 (from Egypt and U.K.)
Natural Resources: Modest reserves of crude oil, iron ore, copper, chromium ore, zinc
Major Industries: Cotton ginning, textiles, cement
Exports: Oil and petroleum products, cotton, sesame, livestock, groundnuts, Arabic gum, sugar
Imports: Food, manufactured goods, refinery and transport equipment, medicines and chemicals, textiles, wheat
Official Name: Al-Jumhuriyah al-Arabiyah as-Surriyah, Syria Arab Republic
Capital: Damascus
Anthem: Homat al-Diyar
(Guardians of the Land)Demonym: Syrian
Currency: Syrian Pound
Location: Middle East, bordering the Mediterranean sea, between Lebanon and Turkey
Total Land Area: 185,180 km²
Population: 20,314,747 (2007)
Ethnic Groups: Arab 90.3%, Kurds, Armenians, and others 9.7%
Languages: Arabic, Kurdish, Armenian, Aramaic, Circassian widely understood, French, English somewhat understood
Religions: Sunni Muslim 74%, Alawite, Druze and other Muslim sects 16%, Christians 10%, Jewish (tiny communities)
Government Type: Republic
Independence: January 17, 1946 from France
Natural Resources: Crude oil, phosphates, chrome and manganese ores
Major Industries: Textile, food processing, beverages
Exports: Crude oil, petroleum products, fruits and vegetable, cotton fiber, clothing, meat and wheat
Imports: Machinery and transport equipment, electric power machinery, food and livestock, metal and metal products, chemicals and chemical products, plastics, yarn and paper
Official Name: Al-Jumhuriyah al-Tunisiyah, Republic of Tunisia
Capital: Tunis
Anthem: Humat Al-Hima (Defenders of the Homeland)
Demonym: Tunisian
Currency: Tunisian Dinar
Location: Northern Africa, bordering the Mediterranean Sea between Algeria and Libya
Total Land Area: 163,610 km²
Population: 10,102,000 (2005)
Ethnic Groups: Arab 98%, European 1%, Jewish and other 1%
Languages: Arabic, French.
Religions: Muslim 98%, Christian 1%, Jewish and other 1%
Government Type: Republic
Independence: March 20, 1956 from France
Natural Resources: Crude oil, phosphates, iron ore, lead, zinc, salt
Major Industries: Petroleum, mining
Exports: Textile, mechanical goods, phosphates and chemicals and agricultural products
Imports: Textiles, machinery and equipment, chemicals and food
Official Name: Al-Imarat al-Arabiyah al-Muttahidah, United Arab Emirates
Capital: Abu Dhabi
Anthem: Ishy Bilady (Long Live my Nation)
Demonym: Emirati
Currency: UAE Dirham
Location: Middle East, bordering the Arabic/Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman, between Oman and Saudi Arabia
Total Land Area: 83,600 km²
Population: 4,496,000 (2005)
Ethnic Groups: Emirati 19%, other Arabs and Iranian 23%, South Asian 50%, other expatriates 8% (note less than 20% are UAE citizens (1982)
Languages: Arabic, Persian, English, Hindi and Urdu
Religions: Muslim 96%, Christian, Hindu and other 4%
Government Type: Federal constitutional monarchy
Independence: December 2, 1971
Natural Resources: Crude oil, natural gas
Major Industries: Petroleum, fishing, petrochemical
Exports: Crude oil 45%, natural gas, dried fish, dates
Imports: Machinery and transport equipment, chemicals, food
Official Name: Al-Jumhuriyah al-Yamaniyah, Republic of Yemen
Capital: Sanaa
Anthem: Al-Watani
Demonym: Yemeni
Currency: Yemeni Riyal
Location: Middle East, bordering the Arabian Sea, Gulf of Aden and the Red Sea, between Oman and Saudi Arabia
Total Land Area: 527,968 km²
Population: 20,975,000 (2005)
Ethnic Groups: Arab (predominant), Afro Arabs, south Asians, Europeans
Languages: Arabic
Religions: Muslims, small numbers of Jewish, Christians, and Hindu
Government Type: Republic
Independence: May 22, 1990
Natural Resources: Copper deposits, oil was discovered in 1972. It is known that further rich mineral deposits exist, chiefly of zinc, iron, lead, gold, silver, copper, sulphur and nickel, iron deposits, salt
Major Industries: Manufacturing industries in Northern Yemen are light. These industries produce cement, paints, metal and cotton products. Other local industries consist of tanning, spinning, weaving and handicrafts.
Exports: Crude oil, coffee, dried and slated fish
Imports: Food and live animals, machinery and equipment, chemicals
